A Delay-Tolerant low-duty cycle scheme in wireless sensor networks for IoT applications

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcce.2023.04.005
• Publication Date: 2023-05-02T05:50:45Z
• Authors: Shashank Singh; Veena Anand; Pallav Kumar Bera
• Keywords: End-to-end delay; Duty cycle; Packet forwarding

Energy efficiency is an existing research challenge in wireless sensor networks (WSNs); to make WSNs energy efficient, many researchers moved low-duty cycle with different data forwarding schemes. Low-duty considered be a promising approach design routing protocols for resource-constrained WSNs. Many applications have real-time constraints, which requires event must reported the sink before deadline. Furthermore, links between low-power radios are highly unreliable, and end-to-end latency requirements challenging due multiple transmissions single packet delivery. By considering probabilistic delay (i.e., bounded delivery reliability constraints) issues, little has been done using schemes, but still, problem exists. In this work, two strategies proposed forwarding: energy-optimal path delay-optimal path. The early-arrived follows optimal route diverse achieve guarantee minimum transmission cost. scheme improves performance of terms delay, reliability, stability, It observed that under cycles, achieves up 25% conservation compared both MinEEC MinEED. At last, undirected spanning trees balance communication costs. simulation results methods.