MicroRNA-30e-5p has an Integrated Role in the Regulation of the Innate Immune Response during Virus Infection and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

• DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101322
• Publication Date: 2020-07-01T06:57:06Z
• Authors: Richa Mishra; Sanjana Bhattacharya; Bhupendra Singh R...; Ashish Kumar; Akhilesh Kumar; Kavita Niraj; Ajit Chande; Puneet Gandhi; Dheeraj Khetan; Amita Aggarwal; Seiichi Sato; Prafullakumar Tailor; Akinori Takaoka; Himanshu Kumar
• Keywords: 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; Virology; Science; Immunology; Q; Article; 3. Good health

Precise regulation of innate immunity is crucial for development of appropriate host immunity against microbial infections and maintenance of immune homeostasis. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, post-transcriptional regulator of multiple genes, and act as a rheostat for protein expression. Here, we identified microRNA-30e-5p induced by hepatitis B virus and other viruses that act as a master regulator for innate immunity. Moreover, pegylated interferons treatment of patients with HBV for viral reduction also reduces miRNA. Additionally, we have also shown the immuno-pathological effects of miR-30e in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mouse model. Mechanistically, miR-30e targets multiple negative regulators of innate immune signaling and enhances immune responses. Furthermore, sequestering of miR-30e in patients with SLE and mouse model significantly reduces type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, our study demonstrates the novel role of miR-30e in innate immunity and its prognostic and therapeutic potential in infectious and autoimmune diseases.