SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibodies protect against Omicron breakthrough infection

• DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107621
• Publication Date: 2023-08-14T15:53:21Z
• Authors: Eva A.M. Baerends; Astrid K. Hvidt; Joanne Reekie; Ole S. Søgaard; Nina B. Stærke; Dorthe Raben; Henrik Nielsen; Kristine T. Petersen; Maria R. Juhl; Isik S. Johansen; Susan O. Lindvig; Lone W. Madsen; Lothar Wiese; Lene S. Knudsen; Mette B. Iversen; Thomas Benfield; Kasper K. Iversen; Sidsel D. Andersen; Anna K. Juhl; Lisa L. Dietz; Signe R. Andreasen; Thea K. Fischer; Christian Erikstrup; Palle Valentiner-...; Jens Lundgren; Lars Østergaard; Martin Tolstrup; J. Lundgren; L. Østergaard; T. Benfield; L. Krohn-Dehli; D.K. Petersen; K. Fogh; E. Højmark; K.K. Iversen; P. Bek; V. Klastrup; F. Larsen; S.H. Rasmussen; M.H. Schleimann; S. Schieber; N.B. Stærke; A. Søndergaard; B. Tarp; M. Tousgaard; Y. Yehdego; J. Bodilsen; H. Nielsen; K.T. Petersen; M. Ruwald; R.K. Thisted; S.F. Caspersen; M. Iversen; L.S. Knudsen; J.L. Meyerhoff; L.G. Sander; L. Wiese; C. Abildgaard; I.K. Holden; N.E. Johansen; I.S. Johansen; L. Larsen; S.O. Lindvig; L.W. Madsen; A. Øvrehus; N.A. Kruse; H. Lomholdt; T.G. Krause; P. Valentiner-Branth; B. Søborg; T.K. Fischer; C. Erikstrup; S.R. Ostrowski; M. Tolstrup; O.S. Søgaard; D. Raben; E. Jylling; D. Hougaard; S.D. Andersen; K. Lykkegaard; S.R. Andreasen; E. Baerends; L.L. Dietz; A.K. Hvidt; A.K. Juhl; R. Olesen; K.K. Andersen; W. Bannister; C. Bjernved; T.W. Elsing; F.V. Esmann; M.A. Ghafari; E. Gravholdt; S.F. Jakobsen; M.L. Jakobsen; C.M. Jensen; T.Ø. Jensen; D. Kristensen; L.R. Kumar; C. Matthews; N. Normand; C. Olsson; J. Reekie; A. Traytel; T. Weide; A.M. Hvas; H. Støvring
• Keywords: Molecular medicine; Science; Immunology; Q; Immune response; Article; 3. Good health

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron quickly spread globally, also in regions with high vaccination coverage, emphasizing the importance of exploring immunological requirements for protection against breakthrough infection. The test-negative matched case-control study (N = 964) characterized infections triple-vaccinated individuals from ENFORCE cohort. Within 60 days before a PCR test spike-specific IgG levels were significantly lower cases compared to controls (GMR [95% CI] BA.2: 0.83 [0.73-0.95], p 0.006). Multivariable logistic regression showed significant associations between antibody and odds infection (aOR BA.2 IgG: 0.65 [0.48-0.88], 0.006 ACE2-blocking antibodies: 0.46 [0.30-0.69], 0.0002). A sex-stratified analysis more pronounced females than males. High vaccine-induced antibodies provide partial infections. This is important knowledge further characterize threshold new variants estimate necessity timing booster vaccination.