Is 2-Phosphoglycerate-dependent Automodification of Bacterial Enolases Implicated in their Export?

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.082
• Publication Date: 2004-02-05T10:35:04Z
• Authors: Grégory Boël; Vianney Pichereau; Ivan Mijakovic; Alain Mazé; Sandrine Poncet; Sylvie Gillet; Jean-Christophe G...; Axel Hartke; Yanick Auffray; Josef Deutscher
• Keywords: DNA, Bacterial; 0301 basic medicine; Protein export; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry; Enolase; Biological Transport, Active; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; In Vitro Techniques; Glyceric Acids; Phosphoenolpyruvate; 03 medical and health sciences; Catalytic Domain; [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli; Animals; [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Phosphorylation; Automodification; Molecular Biology; Bacteria; Base Sequence; Lysine; 2-phosphoglycerate; 540; enolase; automodification; 2-phosphoglycerate; glycolysis; protein export; 3. Good health; [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]; Genes, Bacterial; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Rabbits; Glycolysis

We observed that in vivo and in vitro a small fraction of the glycolytic enzyme enolase became covalently modified by its substrate 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG). In modified Escherichia coli enolase, 2-PG was bound to Lys341, which is located in the active site. An identical reversible modification was observed with other bacterial enolases, but also with enolase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and rabbit muscle. An equivalent of Lys341, which plays an important role in catalysis, is present in enolase of all organisms. Covalent binding of 2-PG to this amino acid rendered the enzyme inactive. Replacement of Lys341 of E.coli enolase with other amino acids prevented the automodification and in most cases strongly reduced the activity. As reported for other bacteria, a significant fraction of E.coli enolase was found to be exported into the medium. Interestingly, all Lys341 substitutions prevented not only the automodification, but also the export of enolase. The K341E mutant enolase was almost as active as the wild-type enzyme and therefore allowed us to establish that the loss of enolase export correlates with the loss of modification and not the loss of glycolytic activity.