Five-Year Survival Outcomes After Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Operable Stage I NSCLC: A Japanese National Registry Study (J-CROS-LUNG)

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.10.016
• Publication Date: 2023-11-02T21:53:32Z
• Authors: Nobuteru Kubo; Hiroaki Suefuji; Mio Nakajima; Sunao Tokumaru; Naoko Okano; Daisaku Yoshida; Osamu Suzuki; Hitoshi Ishikawa; Miyako Satouchi; Haruhiko Nakayama; Kimihiro Shimizu; Yoshiyuki Shioyama
• Keywords: Carbon Ion Radiotherapy; Pneumonitis

Introduction: The standard therapy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is surgery, but some operable patients refuse this option and instead undergo radiotherapy.Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) a type of radiotherapy.The Japanese prospective nationwide registry study on CIRT began in 2016.Here, we analyzed real-world clinical outcomes with NSCLC.Methods: All NSCLC treated Japan between 2016 2018 were enrolled.The dose fractionations selected from several options approved by the Society Radiation Oncology.CIRT was delivered to primary tumor, not lymph nodes.Results: median follow-up period 56 months.Among 136 patients, 117 (86%) had IA NSCLC, 19 (14%) IB NSCLC.Fifty (37%) diagnosed clinically without having been histologically.Most tumors (97%) located periphery.The 5-year overall survival, cause-specific progression-free local control rate 81.8% (95% CI, 75.1-89.2),91.2% 86.0-96.8),65.9% 58.2-74.6), 95.8% 92.3-99.5),respectively.Multivariate analysis identified age as significant factor whereas consolidation/tumor ratio factors survival.There no grade 4 or higher toxicity.Grade 3 radiation pneumonitis occurred one patient.Conclusions: This reports long-term realworld.CIRT showed favorable outcomes, tolerable toxicity.