Widespread Inducible Transcription Downstream of Human Genes

Transcription, Genetic Genome, Human Sequence Analysis, RNA Cell Biology Chromatin Cell Line Potassium Chloride Gene Expression Regulation Osmotic Pressure Humans Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors RNA RNA, Long Noncoding Poly A Molecular Biology Signal Transduction
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.06.016 Publication Date: 2015-07-17T04:59:45Z
ABSTRACT
Pervasive transcription of the human genome generates RNAs whose mode of formation and functions are largely uncharacterized. Here, we combine RNA-seq with detailed mechanistic studies to describe a transcript type derived from protein-coding genes. The resulting RNAs, which we call DoGs for downstream of gene containing transcripts, possess long non-coding regions (often >45 kb) and remain chromatin bound. DoGs are inducible by osmotic stress through an IP3 receptor signaling-dependent pathway, indicating active regulation. DoG levels are increased by decreased termination of the upstream transcript, a previously undescribed mechanism for rapid transcript induction. Relative depletion of polyA signals in DoG regions correlates with increased levels of DoGs after osmotic stress. We detect DoG transcription in several human cell lines and provide evidence for thousands of DoGs genome wide.
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