Exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus delbrueckii OLL1073R-1 modulate innate antiviral immune response in porcine intestinal epithelial cells

• DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.07.009
• Publication Date: 2017-08-08T19:15:24Z
• Authors: Paulraj Kanmani; Leonardo Albarracin; Hisakazu Kobayashi; Hikaru Iida; Ryoya Komatsu; A.K.M. Humayun Kober; Wakako Ikeda-Ohtsubo; Yoshihito Suda; Hisashi Aso; Seiya Makino; Hiroshi Kano; Tadao Saito; Julio Villena; Haruki Kitazawa
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES; Swine; Sus scrofa; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; 03 medical and health sciences; https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1; Animals; https://purl.org/becyt/ford/3; Intestinal Mucosa; Cells, Cultured; Swine Diseases; Lactobacillus delbrueckii; 0303 health sciences; PORCINE INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; Epithelial Cells; Interferon-beta; PROBIOTICS; Immunity, Innate; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Toll-Like Receptor 3; 3. Good health; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Poly I-C; Gene Expression Regulation; Virus Diseases; IMMUNE MODULATION; Cytokines; Signal Transduction

Previous studies demonstrated that the extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) produced by Lactobacillus delbrueckii OLL1073R-1 (LDR-1) improve antiviral immunity, especially in the systemic and respiratory compartments. However, it was not studied before whether those EPSs are able to beneficially modulate intestinal antiviral immunity. In addition, LDR-1-host interaction has been evaluated mainly with immune cells while its interaction with intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) was not addressed before. In this work, we investigated the capacity of EPSs from LDR-1 to modulate the response of porcine IECs (PIE cells) to the stimulation with the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 agonist poly(I:C) and the role of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR negative regulators in the immunoregulatory effect. We showed that innate immune response triggered by TLR3 activation in porcine IECs was differentially modulated by EPS from LDR-1. EPSs treatment induced an increment in the expression of interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-β in PIE cells after the stimulation with poly(I:C) as well as the expression of the antiviral factors MxA and RNase L. Those effects were related to the reduced expression of A20 in EPS-treated PIE cells. EPS from LDR-1 was also able to reduce the expression of IL-6 and proinflammatory chemokines. Although further in vivo studies are needed, our results suggest that these EPSs or a yogurt fermented with LDR-1 have potential to improve intestinal innate antiviral response and protect against intestinal viruses.