Obesity-induced hyperglycemia impairs oral tolerance induction and aggravates food allergy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.05.008
• Publication Date: 2023-06-10T17:59:49Z
• Authors: Lícia Torres; Mariana Camila Go...; Vinícius Dantas M...; Felipe Caixeta; Mariana de Almeid...; Luísa Martins Tri...; Helder Carvalho d...; Valbert Nascimento; Natália Pinheiro ...; Eliane Gomes; Sophia Oliveira A...; Florian Marquet; Laurent Genser; Genevieve Marcelin; Karine Clément; Momtchilo Russo; Ana Maria Caetano...; Tatiani Uceli Maioli
• Keywords: Oral tolerance

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been found to be associated with abnormalities in several organs, including the intestine. These conditions can lead changes gut homeostasis, compromising tolerance luminal antigens increasing susceptibility food allergies. The underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon are not yet fully understood. In study, we investigated intestinal mucosa of diet-induced obese mice that they exhibited increased permeability reduced Treg cells frequency. Upon oral treatment ovalbumin (OVA), failed develop tolerance. However, hyperglycemia improved induction mice. Furthermore, observed a more severe allergy OVA, was alleviated after hypoglycemic drug. Importantly, our findings were translated humans. Individuals T2D had higher serum IgE levels downregulated genes related homeostasis. Taken together, results suggest obesity-induced failure exacerbation allergy. shed light on relationship among obesity, T2D, mucosal immunity, which could inform development new therapeutic approaches.