Characterization of contryphans from Conus loroisii and Conus amadis that target calcium channels

Neurons 0301 basic medicine 0303 health sciences Patch-Clamp Techniques Molecular Sequence Data Conus Snail Molecular Biophysics Unit Peptides, Cyclic Rats 03 medical and health sciences Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Animals Amino Acid Sequence Calcium Channels Rats, Wistar Conotoxins Peptides Cells, Cultured
DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.07.009 Publication Date: 2006-09-13T11:16:35Z
ABSTRACT
Distinctly different effects of two closely related contryphans have been demonstrated on voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels. The peptides Lo959 and Am975 were isolated from Conus loroisii, a vermivorous marine snail and Conus amadis, a molluscivore, respectively. The sequences of Lo959 and Am975 were deduced by mass spectrometric sequencing (MALDI-MS/MS) and confirmed by chemical synthesis. The sequences of Lo959, GCP(D)WDPWC-NH(2) and Am975, GCO(D)WDPWC-NH(2) (O: 4-trans-hydroxyproline: Hyp), differ only at residue 3; Pro in Lo959, Hyp in Am975, which is identical to contryphan-P, previously isolated from Conus purpurascens, a piscivore; while Lo959 is a novel peptide. Both Lo959 and Am975 undergo slow conformational interconversion under reverse-phase chromatographic conditions, a characteristic feature of all contryphans reported thus far. Electrophysiological studies performed using dorsal root ganglion neurons reveal that both peptides target high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels. While Lo959 increases the Ca(2+) current, Am975 causes inhibition. The results establish that subtle sequence effects, which accompany post-translational modifications in Conus peptides, can have dramatic effects on target ion channels.
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