Nitrogen Flow Analysis in Bangkok City, Thailand: Area Zoning and Questionnaire Investigation Approach

• DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2013.02.074
• Publication Date: 2013-03-15T21:42:03Z
• Authors: Thapanee Buathong; Suwanna Kitpati B...; Narin Boontanon; Nawatch Surinkul; Hidenori Harada; Shigeo Fujii
• Keywords: Sewerage; Greywater; Blackwater; Material flow analysis

This research is a study of Bangkok's sanitation system based on quantitative analysis water and wastewater flow focusing domestic sector. Nitrogen was quantified assessed its distribution by Material Flow Analysis MFA. Field surveys questionnaires for 300 households were conducted within three zones Bangkok city inner city, urban fringe, suburban. revealed that the main pathways nitrogen greywater blackwater to sewerage onsite OSS, respectively. With treatment facilities, from distributed into four facilities: OSS 44.51% N; decentralized plants WWTPs 0.18% centralized 4.80% N septage (STPs) 0.64% N. Simultaneously, discharge environment could reduce through WWTPs, STPs 26,011 4,540 ton N/year or at 82.55% reduction. In aspect without remaining 45.49% total household. At fringe zone, large flowed 27.41% Meanwhile, represented an important nutrient source. Non-treated amount 32.17% with small 1.92% Combinations facilities including proposed as scenarios existing 28,379.2 environment. practical scenario each be 7,559.7 73.36% reduction strategies combination suburban collection all zones.