Mushroom-derived chitosan-glucan nanopaper filters for the treatment of water

210006 Nanotechnology CU2+ SDG 7 – Bezahlbare und saubere Energie 02 engineering and technology 104019 Polymerwissenschaften MEMBRANES SORPTION 01 natural sciences AQUEOUS-SOLUTION REMOVAL WASTE-WATER SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being 104011 Materials chemistry Water treatment SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy Fungal chitin ta216 Cellulose Chitosan 6. Clean water 3. Good health 0104 chemical sciences N-ACETYLATION 104011 Materialchemie 210006 Nanotechnologie HEAVY-METAL IONS 13. Climate action SDG 3 – Gesundheit und Wohlergehen CHITIN COPPER ADSORPTION 0210 nano-technology 104019 Polymer sciences Copper
DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.104428 Publication Date: 2019-11-15T11:45:46Z
ABSTRACT
Abstract Contaminated water represents a significant threat to public health, with heavy metals present in industrial effluents constituting a particular hazard. Conventional heavy metal removal processes are often expensive and rely on synthetic materials. Renewable adsorbents or filters, such as chitosan, provide a low-cost, simple alternative for treatment of water. Fungal chitin and hence fungal chitosan is a cheap, renewable, easily isolated, and abundant alternative to crustacean chitin. This study investigated the water treatment potential of chitosan-glucan nanopapers derived from common white-button mushroom (A. bisporus) extract as adsorptive filter. These nanopapers completely rejected 10 nm gold nanoparticles, indicating potential for virus filtration. They had copper ion (2 mM) adsorption capacities (up to 120 mg g−1) increasing with degree of deacetylation of fungal chitin on par with or even outperforming current chitosan membranes with the advantage of simpler production, not requiring further crosslinking. In order to improve the performance of fungal chitosan-glucan filters, hybrid filters with cellulose microfibres from fibre sludge were prepared. Hybrid nanopapers exhibited significantly increased copper ion adsorption (162 mg g−1) in conjunction with high water permeances (63,000 to 121,000 L h−1 m−2 MPa−1). The simple manufacturing process and impressive filtration/adsorbent properties of these renewable filters make them a viable option for water treatment helping to reduce the ecological impact of traditional water treatment processes.
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