Microplastics from agricultural mulch films: Biodegradation and ecotoxicity in freshwater systems

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169287
• Publication Date: 2023-12-15T02:02:51Z
• Authors: Diogo A. Ferreira...; Ana Paço; Bruna Pinho; Rafael Silva; Sara A.M. Silva; Fátima Jesus; Joana L. Pereira; Armando C. Duarte; Teresa A.P. Rocha...; Ana L. Patrício-S...
• Keywords: Ecotoxicity; Chironomus riparius; Biosolids

The application of bio-based biodegradable mulch films in agriculture has raised environmental concerns regarding their potential impacts on adjacent freshwater ecosystems. This study investigated the biodegradation microplastics derived from a (bio-MPs) and its acute chronic ecotoxicity considering relevant scenarios (up to 200 250 mg/kg sediment, using pristine and/or UV-aged particles), fungus Penicillium brevicompactum dipteran Chironomus riparius as model organisms, respectively, due ecological relevance environments. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis suggested changes fungus's carbohydrate reserves bio-MP degradation through appearance low molecular weight esters throughout 28-day test. In short-term exposure (48 h), C. larvae exposed bio-MPs had up 2 particles gut. Exposure decreased larval aerobic metabolism (<20 %) increased neurotransmission (>15 %), whereas activated (>20 antioxidant defences (catalase activity by >30 % glutathione-s-transferase >20 (>30 %). Longer-term (28-d) did not affect survival growth nor dipteran's emergence but male numbers at higher concentrations. suggests that selected agricultural film is prone naturally occurring fungus. However, there for endocrine disruption case prolonged exposures microplastics. emphasises importance further research elucidate effects these plastic products, ensure effective management practices, establish new regulations governing use.