Acinetobacter baumannii

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.11.008
• Publication Date: 2021-11-24T05:12:52Z
• Authors: Clémence Whiteway; Anke Breine; Chantal Philippe; Charles Van der H...
• Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Pathogenicity island

View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)KEY FACTS:Isolation of extensively resistant and pan-drug-resistant strains ranked as 'high priority' by the WHO (global priority list antibiotic-resistant bacteria to guide research, discovery development new antibiotics, 2017) CDC (antibiotic resistance threats in USA, 2019).Belongs 'ESKAPE' group most problematic nosocomial pathogens.Resistant desiccation, disinfectant, oxidative stress, complement-mediated killing.First described a fast-growing extracellular bacterium; several show potential for intracellular growth eukaryotic cells.High genetic diversity; rapidly evolving bacteria, with some isolates competent natural transformation.Lipooligosaccharide instead classical lipopolysaccharide, 14 variants identified so far.At least 128 polysaccharide capsule types far.Presence secretion systems (SSs): T1SS, T2SS, T6SS, but absence T3SS T4SS usually found Gram-negative pathogens.Phenotypic heterogeneity 'phase variation' within clonal populations, virulent opaque capsulated (VIR-O) avirulent translucent less (AV-T) identified.DISEASE FACTS:Nosocomial, community-acquired, opportunistic infections.Broad infection sites [skin soft tissue, urinary tract, digestive respiratory tracts, blood, central nervous system (meningitis), etc.].Can thrive hospital settings, peculiar virulence based on 'persist resist' strategy.Infection routes factors favoring infections: colonization mechanical devices such catheters ventilation equipment, open wounds, major trauma or burns, prolonged stays, immunocompromisation.Therapeutic dead end because last-resort antibiotic resistance.TAXONOMY AND CLASSIFICATION:KINGDOM: BacteriaPHYLUM: ProteobacteriaCLASS: GammaproteobacteriaORDER: PseudomonadalesFAMILY: MoraxellaceaeGENUS: AcinetobacterSPECIES: Acinetobacter baumanniiDeclaration interestsNo interests were declared. KEY identified. Isolation 2019). Belongs pathogens. Resistant killing. First cells. High transformation. Lipooligosaccharide far. At Presence Phenotypic DISEASE resistance. Nosocomial, infections. Broad etc.]. Can strategy. Infection immunocompromisation. Therapeutic TAXONOMY baumannii KINGDOM: Bacteria PHYLUM: Proteobacteria CLASS: Gammaproteobacteria ORDER: Pseudomonadales FAMILY: Moraxellaceae GENUS: SPECIES: Declaration No