Photoimmunotheranostics of epithelioid sarcoma by targeting CD44 or EGFR

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101966
• Publication Date: 2024-04-25T05:09:34Z
• Authors: Jiefu Jin; James D. Barnett; Yelena Mironchik; John Gross; Hisataka Kobayashi; Adam Levin; Zaver M. Bhujwalla
• Keywords: Targeted therapy; 0301 basic medicine; 0302 clinical medicine; Photoimmunotheranostics; EGFR; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens; Epithelioid sarcoma; CD44; RC254-282; Original Research

Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm with high recurrence rates. Wide surgical resection remains the only potential curative treatment. ES presents most commonly on the fingers, hands and forearm, making light-based cancer cell-targeted therapies such as near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) that is target-specific, but with limited penetration depth, suitable for ES treatment. We established that CD44 and EGFR were overexpressed in ES patient samples and in the VA-ES-BJ human ES cell line. NIR-PIT of VA-ES-BJ cells using antibody photosensitizer conjugates, prepared by conjugating a CD44 or EGFR monoclonal antibody to the photosensitizer IR700, confirmed that NIR-PIT with both conjugates resulted in cell death. Neither treatment with NIR light alone nor treatment with the conjugates but without NIR light were effective. CD44-IR700-PIT resulted in greater cell death than EGFR-IR700-PIT, consistent with the increased expression of CD44 by VA-ES-BJ cells. In tumors, EGFR-IR700 exhibited a higher tumor-to-normal ratio, as determined by in vivo fluorescence imaging, and a higher anti-tumor growth effect, compared to CD44-IR700. No antitumor effect of the EGFR antibody or the photosensitizer conjugate alone was observed in vivo. Our data support evaluating the use of EGFR-IR700-PIT in the management of ES for detecting and eliminating ES cells in surgical margins, and in the treatment of superficial recurrent tumors.