Intrinsically Porous Molecular Materials (IPMs) for Natural Gas and Benzene Derivatives Separations

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00582
• Publication Date: 2020-12-18T11:14:03Z
• Authors: Gengwu Zhang; Bin Hua; Avishek Dey; Munmun Ghosh; Basem A. Moosa; Niveen M. Khashab
• Keywords: Thermal Stability; Covalent organic framework

ConspectusSeparating and purifying chemicals without heat would go a long way toward reducing the overall energy consumption harmful environmental footprint of process. Molecular separation processes are critical for production raw materials, commodity chemicals, specialty fuels. Over 50% used in these materials is spent on purification processes, which primarily includes vacuum cryogenic distillations. Chemical manufacturers now investigating modest thermal approaches, such as membranes adsorbent they more cognizant than ever need to save prevent pollution. Porous zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic (COFs), have dominated field industrial separations their high surface areas robust pores make them ideal candidates molecular gases hydrocarbons. Separation involving porous can 70%–90% costs compared that thermally driven However, most low thermal, chemical, moisture stability, addition limited solution processability, tremendously constrain broad translation. Intrinsically (IPMs) subclass comprised host macrocycles or cages absorb guests around intrinsic cavity. IPMs range from discrete molecules assemblies with amorphous highly crystalline structures held together by weak supramolecular interactions. Compared coordination dynamic bond-constructed frameworks, possess stability maintain porosity under conditions. Moreover, endows excellent host–guest properties solid, liquid (organic aqueous), gas states, be further utilized construct diverse strategies, solid–gas adsorption, solid–liquid absorption, liquid–liquid extraction. The diversity interactions engineered affords plethora possibilities development "molecular sieves". Herein, we present different take applicability intrinsically cyclodextrin (CD), cucurbiturils (CB), pillararene (P), trianglamines (T), (POCs) showed an impressive performance benzene derivatives separation. easily scaled up quite stable processable consequently facilitates favorable technological transformation traditional energy-intensive separations. We will account main advances chemistry design "on-demand" also outline future challenges opportunities this promising technology.