Ash-Decorated and Ash-Painted Soot from Residual and Distillate-Fuel Combustion in Four Marine Engines and One Aviation Engine

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07130
• Publication Date: 2021-04-28T01:43:15Z
• Authors: Stéphanie Gagné; Martin Couillard; Zuzana Gajdosechova; Ali Momenimovahed; Greg Smallwood; Zoltan Mester; Kevin Thomson; Prem Lobo; Joel C. Corbin
• Keywords: Fuel oil; Residual oil; Jet fuel; Aviation fuel

Soot is typically the dominant component of nonvolatile particles emitted from internal combustion engines. Although soot primarily composed carbon, its chemistry, toxicity, and oxidation rates may be strongly influenced by internally mixed inorganic metal compounds (ash). Here, we describe detailed microstructure ash with four marine engines one aviation engine. The were operated on different fuels lubrication oils; included residual five distillate such as diesel, natural gas, Jet A-1. Using annular-dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM), observed that occur either distinct nodules particle (decorated) or continuous streaks (painted). Both structures exist within a single particle. Decorated was for both contained elements associated fuel (V, Ni, Fe, S) oil (Zn, Ca, P). Painted only residual-fuel soot, fuel. Additional composition measurements inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) filter samples indicated mixing trends consistent overall ash-to-carbon ratio sampled aerosols. form when molten coagulates condenses onto