Comparative Assessment of Cooking Emission Contributions to Urban Organic Aerosol Using Online Molecular Tracers and Aerosol Mass Spectrometry Measurements
Aerosols
Air Pollutants
China
01 natural sciences
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Mass Spectrometry
Molecular tracers
Cooking organic aerosol
13. Climate action
TAG
11. Sustainability
Particulate Matter
AMS
Cooking
Tracer ions
Environmental Monitoring
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.1c03280
Publication Date:
2021-10-21T16:44:31Z
AUTHORS (12)
ABSTRACT
Cooking organic aerosol (COA) is an important source of particulate pollutants in urbanized regions. Yet, the diversity and complexity of COA components make direct identification and quantification of COA difficult. In this study, we conducted collocated OA measurements with an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and a thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (TAG) in Shanghai. Cooking molecular tracers (e.g., C18 fatty acids, azelaic acid) measured by TAG provide unambiguous source information for evaluating the tracer ion (C6H10O+, m/z 98) used for identification and apportionment of COA in AMS analysis. Based on the collocated AMS and TAG measurements, two COA factors, namely, a primary COA (PCOA) and an oxygenated COA (OCOA) produced from rapid oxygenation of freshly emitted PCOA, were identified. Criteria for identifying COA factors from AMS analysis with different oxygenation levels are proposed, i.e., characteristic mass spectra, temporal variations, etc. Furthermore, two positive matrix factorization approaches, namely, AMS-PMF and the molecular marker (MM)-PMF, were compared for COA quantification, where high consistency was found with the contribution of COA to total PM2.5 mass estimated to be 9 ± 7% by AMS-PMF and 6 ± 5% by the MM-PMF. Our study highlights the important impacts of cooking activities on air quality in urban areas. We also demonstrate the advantage of conducting collocated measurements using multiple high time resolution mass spectrometric techniques in advancing our understanding of atmospheric OA chemistry and improving the accuracy of source apportionment.
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