Discovery of Sesterdiaporate, an Antifungal Sesterterpene Lactone, against Penicillium italicum, Possibly via Inhibition of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Biosynthesis from Diaporthe sp. HT-79

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12887
• Publication Date: 2025-02-02T21:59:11Z
• Authors: Liangliang Gao; Huiting Lin; Yan Liang; Mingnan You; Lijian Ding; Fangjian Feng; Qin Xiong; Yueming Jiang; Jun Zhang
• Keywords: Penicillium italicum; EC50; Penicillium digitatum; Spore germination

The present study reported the discovery of sesterdiaporate (SES), a structurally unique antifungal sesterterpene lactone from Diaporthe sp. HT-79. SES exhibited pronounced inhibitory effect on spore germination and mycelial growth Penicillium italicum, with median effective concentrations (EC50) 0.37 0.079 μg/mL, respectively. This was significantly more than that observed prochloraz (0.74 6.83 respectively). Treatment resulted in swelling both spores mycelia P. italicum as well an increase cell membrane permeability. Further investigation suggested may disrupt glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis, ultimately leading to death. In vivo tests navel orange fruit showed reducing diameter lesions caused by lesion inhibition percentage 49.4% at concentration 3.7 which superior (14.2% same concentration).