Saturated Branched Chain, Normal Odd-Carbon-Numbered, and n-3 (Omega-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Freshwater Fish in the Northeastern United States

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03491
• Publication Date: 2016-09-19T19:13:22Z
• Authors: Dong Hao Wang; James R. Jackson; Cornelia Twining; Lars G. Rudstam; Emily Zollweg-Horan; Clifford Kraft; Peter Lawrence; Kumar Kothapalli; Zhen Wang; J. Thomas Brenna
• Keywords: Fresh water fish

The fatty acid profiles of wild freshwater fish are poorly characterized as a human food source for several classes acids, particularly branched chain acids (BCFA), major bioactive dietary component known to enter the US supply primarily via dairy and beef fat. We evaluated content 27 species captured in northeastern with emphasis on BCFA polyunsaturated (PUFA) most associated fish, specifically n-3 (omega-3) eicosapentaenoic (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA). Mean across all was 1.0 ± 0.5% (mean SD) total edible muscle, rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) highest at >2% BCFA. In comparison, EPA + DHA constituted 28% 7% acids. Across species, were iso-15:0, anteiso-15:0, iso-16:0, iso-17:0 anteiso-17:0. Fish skin had significantly higher than muscle tissues, 1.8% 0.7%, but lower DHA. Total skins positively related that (r2 = 0.6). straight saturates n-15:0 n-17:0 which have been identified previously markers consumption relatively high means 0.4% 0.6%, respectively, may be an underappreciated marker seafood intake. Consuming standardized portion, 70 g (2.5 oz), contributes only small amounts BCFA, 2.5-24.2 mg, American diet, while it adds surprisingly (107 mg 558 mg).