Impact of n-3 Docosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation on Fatty Acid Composition in Rat Differs Depending upon Tissues and Is Influenced by the Presence of Dairy Lipids in the Diet

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03069
• Publication Date: 2018-07-29T16:29:44Z
• Authors: Gaetan Drouin; Etienne Guillocheau; Daniel Catheline; Charlotte Baudry; Pascale Le Ruyet; Vincent Rioux; Philippe Legrand
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; Kidney; dairy lipids; Fats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; 03 medical and health sciences; polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism; [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Animals; eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); [SDV.BBM.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]; Lung; 2. Zero hunger; tissue composition; Fatty Acids; cholesterol; Brain; Animal Feed; Rats; 3. Good health; [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition; Liver; Organ Specificity; Dietary Supplements; Butter; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female

The n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA) could be a novel source of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) with beneficial physiological effects. Following the supplementation of 0.5% purified n-3 DPA for 3 weeks from weaning, the n-3 DPA content increased in one-half of the 18 studied tissues (from +50% to +110%, p < 0.05) and mostly affected the spleen, lung, heart, liver, and bone marrow. The n-3 DPA was slightly converted into DHA (+20% in affected tissues, p < 0.05) and mostly retroconverted into EPA (35-46% of n-3 DPA intake in liver and kidney) showing an increased content of these LCPUFA in specific tissues. The partial incorporation of dairy lipids in the diet for 6 weeks increased overall n-3 PUFA status and brain DHA status. Furthermore, the n-3 DPA supplementation and dairy lipids had an additive effect on the increase of n-3 PUFA tissue contents. Moreover, n-3 DPA supplementation decreased plasma cholesterol.