Milk-Derived Amadori Products in Feces of Formula-Fed Infants

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01889
• Publication Date: 2019-06-17T19:25:04Z
• Authors: Nina Sillner; Alesia Walker; Daniel Hemmler; Monika Bazanella; Silke S. Heinzmann; Dirk Haller; Philippe Schmitt-...
• Keywords: Amadori rearrangement

Food processing of infant formula alters chemical structures, including the formation Maillard reaction products between proteins and sugars. We detected early products, so-called Amadori in stool samples formula-fed infants. In total, four (N-deoxylactulosyllysine, N-deoxyfructosyllysine, N-deoxylactulosylleucylisoleucine, N-deoxyfructosylleucylisoleucine) were identified by a combination complementary nontargeted targeted metabolomics approaches. Chemical structures confirmed preparation isolation reference compounds, LC-MS/MS, NMR. The leucylisoleucine which most likely originate from β-lactoglobulin, excreted throughout first year life feces infants but absent breastfed Despite high inter- intraindividual differences infants' stool, solid food introduction resulted continuous decrease, proving as major source products.