Li3PO4 Matrix Enables a Long Cycle Life and High Energy Efficiency Bismuth-Based Battery

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02720
• Publication Date: 2016-08-12T19:16:37Z
• Authors: Chuan-Fu Sun; Junkai Hu; Peng Wang; Xi-Yuan Cheng; Sang Bok Lee; YuHuang Wang
• Keywords: Bismuth; Potassium-ion battery

Bismuth is a lithium-ion battery anode material that can operate at an equilibrium potential higher than graphite and provide capacity twice as high of Li4Ti5O12, making it intrinsically free from lithium plating may cause catastrophic failure. However, the bismuth hampered by its inferior cyclability (limited to tens cycles). Here, we propose "ion conductive solid-state matrix" approach address this issue. By homogeneously confining nanoparticles in γ-Li3PO4 matrix electrochemically formed situ, resulting composite exhibits reversible 280 mA hours per gram (mA h/g) rate 100 mA/g record among bismuth-based anodes up 500 cycles with decay merely 0.071% cycle. We further show full-cell batteries fabricated commercial LiFePO4 cathode deliver stable cell voltage ∼2.5 V remarkable energy efficiency 86.3%, on par practical (80–90%). This work paves way for harnessing chemistry design capacity, safer meet demanding applications such electric vehicles.