Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury

• DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19308
• Publication Date: 2024-02-29T16:04:03Z
• Authors: Xiaozhuo Ba; Tao Ye; Haojie Shang; Yonghua Tong; Qiu Huang; Yu He; Jian Wu; Wen Deng; Zichen Zhong; Xiaoqi Yang; Kangyang Wang; Yabin Xie; Yanlong Zhang; Xiaolin Guo; Kun Tang
• Keywords: Nanomaterials

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical syndrome with high morbidity, elevated mortality, and poor prognosis, commonly considered "sword of Damocles" for hospitalized patients, especially those in intensive care units. Oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, caused by the excessive production reactive oxygen species (ROS), play key role AKI progression. Hence, investigation effective safe antioxidants inflammatory regulators to scavenge overexpressed ROS regulate inflammation has become promising therapeutic option. However, unique physiological structure complex pathological alterations kidneys render traditional therapies ineffective, impeding residence efficacy most antioxidant anti-inflammatory small molecule drugs within renal milieu. Recently, nanotherapeutic interventions have emerged as prospective strategy AKI, overcoming treatment dilemmas through size, shape, charge, surface modifications. This Review succinctly summarizes latest advancements approaches encompassing nanozymes, scavenger nanomaterials, MSC-EVs, nanomaterials loaded regulator. Following this, strategies aimed at enhancing biocompatibility targeting are introduced. Furthermore, brief discussion on current challenges future prospects this research field presented, providing comprehensive overview evolving landscape AKI.