Cross-Linking-Enabled Core–shell Nanostructure Based on Conductive Polymer Hydrogels/Carbon Nanotubes for Salivary Glucose Biosensor

Carbon fibers
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c20667 Publication Date: 2025-02-10T07:04:00Z
ABSTRACT
Due to the 3-fold increase in number of people with diabetes, there is an urgent need for noninvasive, user-friendly glucose monitoring technologies. However, current noninvasive methods are limited by low accuracy and susceptibility interference. In this work, we develop a salivary biosensor using core–shell nanostructure conductive polymer hydrogels/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on carbon paper. With electrostatic interaction between functional groups CNTs pyrrole monomer, cross-linked polypyrrole (PPy) hydrogel can form situ surface. The 3D interconnected networks PPy/CNTs feature high surface area, porosity, flexibility, facilitating efficient electron ion transport, thereby leading superior sensing sensitivity 119.74 μA mM–1 cm–2 region 50–700 μM. Additionally, exhibited ultralow Michaelis–Menten constant 0.33 mM specificity toward glucose, even presence various interferences, demonstrating affinity enzyme PPy/CNTs. This facile, controlled synthesis offers promising avenue constructing enzymatic biosensors accurate regular blood via saliva tests.
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