Cross-Linking-Enabled Core–shell Nanostructure Based on Conductive Polymer Hydrogels/Carbon Nanotubes for Salivary Glucose Biosensor

• DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c20667
• Publication Date: 2025-02-10T07:04:00Z
• Authors: Ching-Hao Liu; Chen-Jie Liao; Shivam Gupta; Da-Wei Huang; Chi-Young Lee; Yi-Ting Lai; Nyan-Hwa Tai
• Keywords: Carbon fibers

Due to the 3-fold increase in number of people with diabetes, there is an urgent need for noninvasive, user-friendly glucose monitoring technologies. However, current noninvasive methods are limited by low accuracy and susceptibility interference. In this work, we develop a salivary biosensor using core–shell nanostructure conductive polymer hydrogels/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on carbon paper. With electrostatic interaction between functional groups CNTs pyrrole monomer, cross-linked polypyrrole (PPy) hydrogel can form situ surface. The 3D interconnected networks PPy/CNTs feature high surface area, porosity, flexibility, facilitating efficient electron ion transport, thereby leading superior sensing sensitivity 119.74 μA mM–1 cm–2 region 50–700 μM. Additionally, exhibited ultralow Michaelis–Menten constant 0.33 mM specificity toward glucose, even presence various interferences, demonstrating affinity enzyme PPy/CNTs. This facile, controlled synthesis offers promising avenue constructing enzymatic biosensors accurate regular blood via saliva tests.