Supercritical CO2 Extraction of β-Carotene and Lycopene from Tomato Paste Waste

• DOI: 10.1021/jf000311t
• Publication Date: 2002-07-26T05:58:18Z
• Authors: T. Baysal; S. Ersus; D. A. J. Starmans
• Keywords: Waste Products; Food Handling; Extraction; 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences; Supercritical CO2; Carbon Dioxide; lycopene; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Cosolvent; 6. Clean water; supercritical CO2; carotene; tomato paste waste; Lycopene; 0404 agricultural biotechnology; Solanum lycopersicum; Tomato paste waste; extraction; Solvents; Carotene; cosolvent

Lycopene and beta-carotene were extracted from tomato paste waste using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)). To optimize supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) results for the isolation of lycopene and beta-carotene, a factorial designed experiment was conducted. The factors assessed were the temperature of the extractor (35, 45, 55, and 65 degrees C), the pressure of the extraction fluid (200, 250, and 300 bar), addition of cosolvent (5, 10, and 15% ethanol), extraction time (1, 2, and 3 h), and CO(2) flow rate (2, 4, and 8 kg/h). The total amounts of lycopene and beta-carotene in the tomato paste waste, extracts, and residues were determined by HPLC. A maximum of 53.93% of lycopene was extracted by SC-CO(2) in 2 h (CO(2) flow rate = 4 kg/h) at 55 degrees C and 300 bar, with the addition of 5% ethanol as a cosolvent. Half of the initially present beta-carotene was extracted in 2 h (flow rate = 4 kg/h), at 65 degrees C and 300 bar, also with the addition of 5% ethanol.