Reactive Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Attenuate Systemic Inflammation via sTNFR1

• DOI: 10.1038/mt.2010.155
• Publication Date: 2010-07-27T10:21:09Z
• Authors: Hiroshi Yagi; Alejandro Soto-Gu...; Nalu Navarro-Alvarez; Yaakov Nahmias; Yoni Goldwasser; Yuko Kitagawa; Arno W Tilles; Ronald G Tompkins; Biju Parekkadan; Martin L Yarmush
• Keywords: Pharmacology; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; 0301 basic medicine; 0303 health sciences; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; NF-kappa B; Bone Marrow Cells; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Endotoxemia; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Rats; 3. Good health; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; 03 medical and health sciences; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Drug Discovery; Genetics; Molecular Medicine; Animals; Humans; Stromal Cells; Molecular Biology; Cells, Cultured

Excessive systemic inflammation following trauma, sepsis, or burn could lead to distant organ damage. The transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been reported to be an effective treatment for several immune disorders by modulating the inflammatory response to injury. We hypothesized that MSCs can dynamically secrete systemic factors that can neutralize the activity of inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we showed that cocultured MSCs are able to decrease nuclear factor κ-B (NFκB) activation in target epithelial cells incubated in inflammatory serum conditions. Proteomic screening revealed a responsive secretion of soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (sTNFR1) when MSCs were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat serum. The responsive effect was eliminated when NFκB activation was blocked in MSCs. Intramuscular transplantation of MSCs in LPS-endotoxic rats decreased a panel of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils in lung, kidney, and liver when compared to controls. These results suggest that improvements of inflammatory responses in animal models after local transplantation of MSCs are at least, in part, explained by the NFκB-dependent secretion of sTNFR1 by MSCs.