Lysosomal calcium signalling regulates autophagy through calcineurin and TFEB

• DOI: 10.1038/ncb3114
• Publication Date: 2015-02-27T05:52:27Z
• Authors: Diego L. Medina; Simone Di Paola; Ivana Peluso; Andrea Armani; Diego De Stefani; Rossella Venditti; Sandro Montefusco; Anna Scotto-Rosato; Carolina Prezioso; Alison Forrester; Carmine Settembre; Wuyang Wang; Qiong Gao; Haoxing Xu; Marco Sandri; Rosario Rizzuto; Maria Antonietta ...; Andrea Ballabio
• Keywords: TFEB; Calcium Signaling

The view of the lysosome as the terminal end of cellular catabolic pathways has been challenged by recent studies showing a central role of this organelle in the control of cell function. Here we show that a lysosomal Ca2+ signalling mechanism controls the activities of the phosphatase calcineurin and of its substrate ​TFEB, a master transcriptional regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. Lysosomal Ca2+ release through ​mucolipin 1 (​MCOLN1) activates calcineurin, which binds and dephosphorylates ​TFEB, thus promoting its nuclear translocation. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of calcineurin suppressed ​TFEB activity during starvation and physical exercise, while calcineurin overexpression and constitutive activation had the opposite effect. Induction of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis through ​TFEB required ​MCOLN1-mediated calcineurin activation. These data link lysosomal calcium signalling to both calcineurin regulation and autophagy induction and identify the lysosome as a hub for the signalling pathways that regulate cellular homeostasis.