Distinct charge dynamics in battery electrodes revealed by in situ and operando soft X-ray spectroscopy

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3568
• Publication Date: 2013-10-08T10:02:04Z
• Authors: Xiaosong Liu; Dongdong Wang; Gao Liu; Venkat Srinivasan; Zhi Liu; Zahid Hussain; Wanli Yang
• Keywords: X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Characterization

Developing high-performance batteries relies on material breakthroughs. During the past few years, various in situ characterization tools have been developed and become indispensible studying eventual optimization of battery materials. However, soft X-ray spectroscopy, one most sensitive probes electronic states, has mainly limited to ex experiments for research. Here we achieve operando absorption spectroscopy lithium-ion cathodes. Taking advantage elemental, chemical surface sensitivities X-rays, discover distinct electron dynamics Li(Co(¹/₃)Ni(¹/₃)Mn(¹/₃))O₂ LiFePO₄ cathodes polymer electrolytes. The contrast between two systems relaxation effect is attributed a phase transformation mechanism, mesoscale morphology charge conductivity electrodes. These discoveries demonstrate feasibility power integrated dynamic effects batteries.