Refining models of archaic admixture in Eurasia with ArchaicSeeker 2.0

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26503-5
• Publication Date: 2021-10-29T10:02:46Z
• Authors: Kai Yuan; Xumin Ni; Chang Liu; Yuwen Pan; Lian Deng; Rui Zhang; Yang Gao; Xueling Ge; Jiaojiao Liu; Xixian Ma; Haiyi Lou; Taoyang Wu; Shuhua Xu
• Keywords: Neanderthal; Introgression; Ancient DNA

Abstract We developed a method, ArchaicSeeker 2.0 , to identify introgressed hominin sequences and model multiple-wave admixture. The new method enabled us discern two waves of introgression from both Denisovan-like Neanderthal-like hominins in present-day Eurasian populations an ancient Siberian individual. estimated that early occurred Eurasia around 118.8–94.0 thousand years ago (kya). In contrast, we detected only one single episode admixture indigenous peoples eastern the Wallace-Line. Modeling admixtures suggested dispersal modern humans throughout Asia before Toba volcanic super-eruption 74 kya, predating initial peopling as proposed by traditional Out-of-Africa model. Survived archaic are involved various phenotypes including immune body mass (e.g., ZNF169 ), cardiovascular lung function HHAT UV response carbohydrate metabolism HYAL1/HYAL2/HYAL3 while “archaic deserts” enriched with genes associated skin development keratinization.