Temperature sensitivity of bat antibodies links metabolic state of bats with antigen-recognition diversity

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50316-x
• Publication Date: 2024-07-12T23:02:26Z
• Authors: Nia Toshkova; Violeta Zhelyzkova; Alejandra Reyes-Ruiz; Eline Haerens; Marina de Castro ...; Robin V. Lacombe; Maxime Lecerf; Gaelle Gonzalez; Nolwenn Jouvenet; Cyril Planchais; Jordan D. Dimitrov
• Keywords: 570; MESH: Antigens / immunology; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; Science; Autoantigens; Article; 03 medical and health sciences; Antibody Specificity; Chiroptera; Animals; Humans; MESH: Animals; Antigens; 0303 health sciences; MESH: Humans; MESH: Immunoglobulin G* / immunology; Q; Temperature; 500; MESH: Chiroptera* / immunology; MESH: Immunoglobulin G* / metabolism; MESH: Temperature; Immunoglobulin G; MESH: Autoantigens / immunology; MESH: Antibody Specificity / immunology

Abstract The bat immune system features multiple unique properties such as dampened inflammatory responses and increased tissue protection, explaining their long lifespan tolerance to viral infections. Here, we demonstrated that body temperature fluctuations corresponding different physiological states in bats exert a large impact on antibody repertoires. At elevated temperatures typical for flight, IgG from the species Myotis myotis Nyctalus noctula show antigen binding strength diversity, recognizing both pathogen-derived antigens autoantigens. opposite is observed at reflecting inactive states. antibodies of human other mammals, or birds do not appear behave similar way. Importantly, diversification specificities results preferential recognition damaged endothelial epithelial cells, indicating an anti-inflammatory function. temperature-sensitivity mediated by variable regions immunoglobulin molecules. Additionally, uncover specific molecular IgG, low thermodynamic stability implication hydrophobic interactions well high prevalence polyreactivity. Overall, our extend understanding disease inflammation highlight link between metabolism immunity.