Oak genome reveals facets of long lifespan

• DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0172-3
• Publication Date: 2018-06-15T11:03:00Z
• Authors: Christophe Plomion; Jean-Marc Aury; Joëlle Amselem; Thibault Leroy; Florent Murat; Sébastien Duplessis; Sébastien Faye; Nicolas Francillonne; Karine Labadie; Grégoire Le Provost; Isabelle Lesur; Jérôme Bartholomé; Patricia Faivre-R...; Annegret Kohler; Jean-Charles Leplé; Nathalie Chantret; Jun Chen; Anne Diévart; Tina Alaeitabar; Valérie Barbe; Caroline Belser; Hélène Bergès; Catherine Bodénès; Marie-Béatrice Bo...; Marie-Lara Bouffaud; Benjamin Brachi; Emilie Chancerel; David Cohen; Arnaud Couloux; Corinne Da Silva; Carole Dossat; François Ehrenmann; Christine Gaspin; Jacqueline Grima-...; Erwan Guichoux; Arnaud Hecker; Sylvie Herrmann; Philippe Hugueney; Irène Hummel; Christophe Klopp; Céline Lalanne; Martin Lascoux; Eric Lasserre; Arnaud Lemainque; Marie-Laure Despr...; Isabelle Luyten; Mohammed-Amin Madoui; Sophie Mangenot; Clémence Marchal; Florian Maumus; Jonathan Mercier; Célia Michotey; Olivier Panaud; Nathalie Picault; Nicolas Rouhier; Olivier Rué; Camille Rustenholz; Franck Salin; Marçal Soler; Mika Tarkka; Amandine Velt; Amy E. Zanne; Francis Martin; Patrick Wincker; Hadi Quesneville; Antoine Kremer; Jérôme Salse
• Keywords: 570; Letter; DNA, Plant; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; Longevity; Evolutionsbiologi; Plant evolution; Quercus; 03 medical and health sciences; Forestry;Genomics;Plant evolution;Plant Immunity;Sequencing; Genetics; Sequencing; Plant Immunity; Genetik; Phylogeny; 580; Evolutionary Biology; 0303 health sciences; Genetic Variation; Genetics and Genomics; Genetik och genomik; Forestry; Genomics; Sequence Analysis, DNA; 15. Life on land; Biological Evolution; Mutation; Genome, Plant

Oaks are an important part of our natural and cultural heritage. Not only they ubiquitous in most common landscapes1 but have also supplied human societies with invaluable services, including food shelter, since prehistoric times2. With 450 species spread throughout Asia, Europe America3, oaks constitute a critical global renewable resource. The longevity (several hundred years) probably underlies their emblematic historical importance. Such long-lived sessile organisms must persist the face wide range abiotic biotic threats over lifespans. We investigated genomic features associated such long lifespan by sequencing, assembling annotating oak genome. then used growing number whole-genome sequences for plants (including tree herbaceous species) to investigate parallel evolution characteristics potentially underpinning longevity. A further consequence trees is accumulation somatic mutations during mitotic divisions stem cells present shoot apical meristems. Empirical4 modelling5 approaches shown that intra-organismal genetic heterogeneity can be selected for6 provides direct fitness benefits arms race short-lived pests pathogens through patchwork phenotypes7. However, there no clear proof large-statured consist mosaic clonally distinct cell lineages within between branches. Through this case study oak, we demonstrate transmission expansion disease-resistance gene families trees.