Neuropilin-1 mediates lung tissue-specific control of ILC2 function in type 2 immunity

• DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01097-8
• Publication Date: 2022-01-24T17:02:39Z
• Authors: Jingjing Zhang; Jinxin Qiu; Wenyong Zhou; Jianping Cao; Xuefei Hu; Wenli Mi; Bing Su; Bin He; Ju Qiu; Lei Shen
• Keywords: Innate lymphoid cell; Interleukin 33; Neuropilin

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are highly heterogeneous tissue-resident lymphocytes that regulate inflammation and tissue homeostasis in health disease. However, how these integrate into the microenvironment to perform tissue-specific functions is unclear. Here, we show neuropilin-1 (Nrp1), which induced postnatally sustained by lung-derived transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ1), a marker of lung ILC2s. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition Nrp1 suppresses IL-5 IL-13 production ILC2s protects mice from development pulmonary fibrosis. Mechanistically, TGFβ1-Nrp1 signaling enhances ILC2 function type immunity upregulating IL-33 receptor ST2 expression. These findings identify as regulator lung-resident highlight potential therapeutic target for