Gut dysbiosis and neuroimmune responses to brain infection with Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus

• DOI: 10.1038/srep44377
• Publication Date: 2017-03-14T10:08:46Z
• Authors: F. J. Carrillo-Sa...; L. Mestre; M. Mecha; A. Feliú; R. del Campo; N. Villarrubia; C. Espejo; X. Montalbán; J. C. Álvarez-Cer...; L. M. Villar; C. Guaza
• Keywords: Encephalomyelitis; Dysbiosis; Gut–brain axis

Recent studies have begun to point out the contribution of microbiota multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) is a model progressive MS. Here, we first analyze effect intracerebral infection with TMEV on commensal and secondly, whether early depletion influences immune responses acute phase (14 dpi) its impact chronic (85 dpi). The intracranial inoculation was associated moderate dysbiosis. oral administration antibiotics (ABX) broad spectrum modified neuroimmune dampening brain CD4+ CD8+ T infiltration during phase. expression cytokines, chemokines VP2 capsid protein enhanced accompanied by clusters activated microglia disseminated throughout brain. Furthermore, ABX treated mice displayed lower levels CD8+T cells in cervical mesenteric lymph nodes. Increased mortality observed after cessation at day 28pi. On phase, that survived withdrawal recovered diversity showed subtle changes cell infiltrates, gene cytokines. Accordingly, surviving group ABX-TMEV similar severity than mice.