Understanding the electronic properties of BaTiO3and Er3+doped BaTiO3films through confocal scanning microscopy and XPS: the role of oxygen vacancies

• DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01010c
• Publication Date: 2020-06-09T15:19:46Z
• Authors: J. L. Clabel H.; Iram T. Awan; G. Lozano; M. A. Pereira-da-...; R. A. Romano; V. A. G. Rivera; S. O. Ferreira; E. Marega
• Keywords: Scanning Probe Microscopy; Chemical state

Optical activation and chemical defects were identified with the help of confocal scanning microscopy on films nano-scale thickness, which was in agreement SEM measurements, supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.