Fast frequency response provision from commercial demand response, from scheduling to stability in power systems

• DOI: 10.1049/rpg2.12453
• Publication Date: 2022-03-30T17:59:30Z
• Authors: M. Saeed Misaghian; Ciara O'Dwyer; Damian Flynn
• Keywords: Demand Response

Abstract Reduced numbers of online conventional generators, due to increasing shares renewable energy sources, are the requirement for a fast frequency response capability from reserve providers when large infeed/outfeed trips. The commercial demand‐side sector, considering its size (MW/MWh) and existing communication control infrastructure, makes it potential valuable source flexibility provision. Supermarket refrigeration systems considered here as being representative end‐uses, with individual devices stochastically simulated under different ambient conditions, supermarket occupancy, food categories, performance. An aggregated fleet loads then created provide system‐wide response. all‐island power system Northern Ireland Republic Ireland, horizon 2030, is case study. Three distinct methods, including static, droop, hybrid presented developed within stability analysis platform. Year‐long simulation results show general improvement in nadir (maximum) rate change supermarkets providing services grid, likelihood severe transients (frequency <49 Hz) greatly reduced (82% improvement), depending on FFR design, associated speed