Novel Insights into Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Toxicity and Implications for Risk Assessment: Occurrence, Genotoxicity, Toxicokinetics, Risk Assessment–A Workshop Report

• DOI: 10.1055/a-1646-3618
• Publication Date: 2021-10-29T23:20:50Z
• Authors: Dieter Schrenk; Jörg Fahrer; Ashley Allemang; Peter Fu; Ge Lin; Catherine Mahony; Patrick P.J. Mulder; Ad Peijnenburg; Stefan Pfuhler; Ivonne M.C.M. Rie...; Benjamin Sachse; Barbara Steinhoff; Anja These; John Troutman; Jacqueline Wiesner
• Keywords: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid

This paper reports on the major contributions and results of 2nd International Workshop Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids held in September 2020 Kaiserslautern, Germany. alkaloids are among most relevant plant toxins contaminating food, feed, medicinal products origin. Hundreds PA congeners with widespread occurrence known, thousands plants assumed to contain PAs. Due certain PAs' pronounced liver toxicity carcinogenicity, their phytomedicines has raised serious human health concerns. is particularly true for herbal teas, food supplements, honey, phytomedicinal drugs. limited availability animal data, broader use vitro data appears warranted improve risk assessment a large number relevant, 1,2-unsaturated true, example, derivation both toxicokinetic toxicodynamic data. These efforts aim understand better modes action, uptake, metabolism, elimination, toxicity, genotoxicity PAs enable detailed dose-response analysis ultimately quantify differing toxic potencies between Accordingly, risk-limiting measures comprising production, marketing, regulation discussed.