Thermal lensing effects in small oxide confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

• DOI: 10.1063/1.125638
• Publication Date: 2002-07-26T13:29:07Z
• Authors: M. Brunner; K. Gulden; R. Hövel; M. Moser; M. Ilegems
• Keywords: Aperture (computer memory); Numerical aperture

The thickness and position of an oxide layer inside a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser structure have been optimized for minimum optical scattering loss. In the resulting structure, index guiding provided by aperture is very small. Consequently, radius <2 μm, mode only weakly confined. devices using such small apertures, formation thermal lens has strong influence on guiding. leads to lower threshold currents increased differential efficiency with continuous wave as compared pulsed injection operation in apertures.