Toward model-free temperature diagnostics of warm dense matter from multiple scattering angles

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0248230
• Publication Date: 2025-01-28T12:00:53Z
• Authors: H. M. Bellenbaum; B. Bachmann; D. Kraus; Th. Gawne; M. P. Böhme; T. Döppner; L. B. Fletcher; M. J. MacDonald; Zh. A. Moldabekov; T. R. Preston; J. Vorberger; T. Dornheim
• Keywords: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph); FOS: Physical sciences; Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics; Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Physics - Plasma Physics

Warm dense matter plays an important role in astrophysical objects and technological applications, but the rigorous diagnostics of corresponding experiments is notoriously difficult. In this work, we present a model-free analysis of x-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) measurements on isochorically heated graphite obtained at the Linac Coherent Light Source at multiple scattering angles. We demonstrate that the recent imaginary-time thermometry technique works for scattering data that have been measured in both forward and backward scattering geometry. This opens up the way toward a rigorous quantification of nonequilibrium effects in future experiments, where XRTS measurements are being obtained from multiple scattering angles from the same sample.