The high heritability of educational achievement reflects many genetically influenced traits, not just intelligence

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1408777111
• Publication Date: 2014-10-07T02:54:30Z
• Authors: Eva Krapohl; Kaili Rimfeld; Nicholas G. Shake...; Maciej Trzaskowski; Andrew McMillan; Jean-Baptiste Pin...; Kathryn Asbury; Nicole Harlaar; Yulia Kovas; Philip S. Dale; Robert Plomin
• Keywords: Behavioural genetics

Significance Differences among children in educational achievement are highly heritable from the early school years until end of compulsory education at age 16, when UK students assessed nationwide with standard tests [General Certificate Secondary Education (GCSE)]. Genetic research has shown that intelligence makes a major contribution to heritability achievement. However, we show other broad domains behavior such as personality and psychopathology also account for genetic influence on GCSE scores beyond predicted by intelligence. Together intelligence, these 75% scores. These results underline importance genetics its correlates. The support trend toward personalized learning.