On the role of the corpus callosum in interhemispheric functional connectivity in humans

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707050114
• Publication Date: 2017-11-28T18:35:38Z
• Authors: Jarod L. Roland; Abraham Z. Snyder; Carl D. Hacker; Anish Mitra; Joshua S. Shimony; David D. Limbrick; Marcus E. Raichle; Matthew D. Smyth; Eric C. Leuthardt
• Keywords: Male; Adolescent; Basic Behavioral and Social Science; Functional Laterality; Corpus Callosum; corpus callosum; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Clinical Research; Behavioral and Social Science; callosotomy; Connectome; 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors; Humans; structural connectivity; Aetiology; Preschool; Child; resting state; functional connectivity; Neurosciences; Biological Sciences; Brain Waves; Child, Preschool; Neurological; Female; Sensorimotor Cortex

Resting state functional connectivity is defined in terms of temporal correlations between physiologic signals, most commonly studied using magnetic resonance imaging. Major features correspond to structural (axonal) connectivity. However, this relation not one-to-one. Interhemispheric the corpus callosum presents a case point. Specifically, several reports have documented nearly intact interhemispheric individuals whom (the major commissure hemispheres) never develops. To investigate question, we assessed before and after surgical section 22 patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Section markedly reduced This effect was more profound multimodal associative areas frontal parietal lobe than primary regions sensorimotor visual function. Moreover, no evidence recovery observed limited sample which multiyear, longitudinal follow-up obtained. Comparison partial vs. complete callosotomy revealed effects implying existence polysynaptic remote brain regions. Thus, our results demonstrate that callosal as well extracallosal anatomical connections play role maintenance