Cyanobacterial viruses exhibit diurnal rhythms during infection

Gene Expression Regulation, Viral Synechococcus 0301 basic medicine Light Photoperiod Biological Sciences Virus Replication Light-dark cycle Virus Circadian Rhythm 3. Good health 03 medical and health sciences Virus Diseases 13. Climate action Cyanophage Host-Pathogen Interactions Diurnal rhythm Bacteriophages 14. Life underwater Photosynthesis Cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1819689116 Publication Date: 2019-06-25T13:13:29Z
ABSTRACT
Significance To adapt to the daily light–dark cycle, diurnal rhythms are used by the photosynthetic cyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus , which are the most abundant photosynthetic organisms on earth. Field studies revealed that cyanobacterial virus (cyanophage) populations in the oceans showed transcriptional rhythms. To explore the underlying mechanism, we used cyanophage laboratory cultures to find that some showed adsorption rhythms and all showed transcriptional rhythms. We discovered that the cyanophage transcriptional rhythm is partially caused by the photosynthetic activity of host cells, explaining transcriptional rhythms of field cyanophage populations. Our study shows that cultured viruses have diurnal infection rhythms which are critical for understanding how light–dark cycles shape the interaction of cyanophages and their hosts in the oceans.
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