Genome-wide analyses of individual differences in quantitatively assessed reading- and language-related skills in up to 34,000 people

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202764119
• Publication Date: 2022-08-23T17:54:54Z
• Authors: Else Eising; Nazanin Mirza-Sch...; Eveline L. de Zeeuw; Carol A. Wang; Dongnhu T. Truong; Andrea G. Allegrini; Chin Yang Shapland; Gu Zhu; Karen G. Wigg; Margot L. Gerritse; Barbara Molz; Gökberk Alagöz; Alessandro Gialluisi; Filippo Abbondanza; Kaili Rimfeld; Marjolein van Don...; Zhijie Liao; Philip R. Jansen; Till F. M. Andlauer; Timothy C. Bates; Manon Bernard; Kirsten Blokland; Milene Bonte; Anders D. Børglum; Thomas Bourgeron; Daniel Brandeis; Fabiola Ceroni; Valéria Csépe; Philip S. Dale; Peter F. de Jong; John C. DeFries; Jean-François Dém...; Ditte Demontis; Yu Feng; Scott D. Gordon; Sharon L. Guger; Marianna E. Hayio...; Juan A. Hernández...; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Charles Hulme; Juha Kere; Elizabeth N. Kerr; Tanner Koomar; Karin Landerl; Gabriel T. Leonard; Maureen W. Lovett; Heikki Lyytinen; Nicholas G. Martin; Angela Martinelli; Urs Maurer; Jacob J. Michaelson; Kristina Moll; Anthony P. Monaco; Angela T. Morgan; Markus M. Nöthen; Zdenka Pausova; Craig E. Pennell; Bruce F. Pennington; Kaitlyn M. Price; Veera M. Rajagopal; Franck Ramus; Louis Richer; Nuala H. Simpson; Shelley D. Smith; Margaret J. Snowling; John Stein; Lisa J. Strug; Joel B. Talcott; Henning Tiemeier; Marc P. van der S...; Ellen Verhoef; Kate E. Watkins; Margaret Wilkinson; Margaret J. Wright; Cathy L. Barr; Dorret I. Boomsma; Manuel Carreiras; Marie-Christine J...; Jeffrey R. Gruen; Michelle Luciano; Bertram Müller-My...; Dianne F. Newbury; Richard K. Olson; Silvia Paracchini; Tomáš Paus; Robert Plomin; Sheena Reilly; Gerd Schulte-Körne; J. Bruce Tomblin; Elsje van Bergen; Andrew J. O. Whit...; Erik G. Willcutt; Beate St Pourcain; Clyde Francks; Simon E. Fisher
• Keywords: Spelling; Genome-wide Association Study; Trait; Association (psychology); Genetic architecture; Genetic Association

The use of spoken and written language is a fundamental human capacity. Individual differences in reading- language-related skills are influenced by genetic variation, with twin-based heritability estimates 30 to 80% depending on the trait. architecture complex, heterogeneous, multifactorial, but investigations contributions single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were thus far underpowered. We present multicohort genome-wide association study (GWAS) five traits assessed individually using psychometric measures (word reading, nonword spelling, phoneme awareness, repetition) samples 13,633 33,959 participants aged 5 26 y. identified significant word reading (rs11208009,