A transient radial cortical microtubule array primes cell division in Arabidopsis
570
Indoleacetic Acids
Arabidopsis Proteins
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Arabidopsis
Biological Sciences
Microtubules
Cell Division
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.2320470121
Publication Date:
2024-07-11T17:50:29Z
AUTHORS (13)
ABSTRACT
Although the formation of new walls during plant cell division tends to follow maximal tensile stress direction, analyses of individual cells over time reveal a much more variable behavior. The origin of such variability as well as the exact role of interphasic microtubule behavior before cell division have remained mysterious so far. To approach this question, we took advantage of the
Arabidopsis
stem, where the tensile stress pattern is both highly anisotropic and stable. Although cortical microtubules (CMTs) generally align with maximal tensile stress, we detected a specific time window, ca. 3 h before cell division, where cells form a radial pattern of CMTs. This microtubule array organization preceded preprophase band (PPB) formation, a transient CMT array predicting the position of the future division plane. It was observed under different growth conditions and was not related to cell geometry or polar auxin transport. Interestingly, this cortical radial pattern correlated with the well-documented increase of cytoplasmic microtubule accumulation before cell division. This radial organization was prolonged in cells of the
trm678
mutant, where CMTs are unable to form a PPB. Whereas division plane orientation in
trm678
is noisier, we found that cell division symmetry was in contrast less variable between daughter cells. We propose that this “radial step” reflects a trade-off in robustness for two essential cell division attributes: symmetry and orientation. This involves a “reset” stage in G2, where an increased cytoplasmic microtubule accumulation transiently disrupts CMT alignment with tissue stress.
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