Brain interleukin 1 and S-100 immunoreactivity are elevated in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease.

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.19.7611
• Publication Date: 2006-05-31T11:03:53Z
• Authors: W S Griffin; L C Stanley; C Ling; L White; V MacLeod; L J Perrot; C L White; C Araoz
• Keywords: Astrogliosis

Interleukin 1, an immune response-generated cytokine that stimulates astrocyte proliferation and reactivity (astrogliosis), was present in up to 30 times as many glial cells tissue sections of brain from patients with Down syndrome Alzheimer disease compared age-matched control subjects. Most interleukin 1-immunoreactive glia were classified microglia. The number 1 immunoreactive neurons did not appear differ brain. Numerous temporal lobe astrocytes postnatal intensely 1-, S-100-, fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive had reactive structure. levels homogenates elevated, the S-100 protein, two proteins reportedly elevated astrocytes. These data suggest increased expression syndrome, resulting duplication gene on chromosome 21 encodes beta subunit S-100, may be augmented by elevation 1. As a corollary, astrogliosis promoted