3′-NADP and 3′-NAADP, Two Metabolites Formed by the Bacterial Type III Effector AvrRxo1

• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.751297
• Publication Date: 2016-09-13T01:49:07Z
• Authors: Felix Schuebel; Andrea Rocker; Daniel Edelmann; Julia Schessner; Clara Brieke; Anton Meinhart
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; 0303 health sciences; 03 medical and health sciences; Xanthomonas; Bacterial Proteins; Papers of the Week; NADP; 3. Good health

An arsenal of effector proteins is injected by bacterial pathogens into the host cell or its vicinity to increase virulence. The commonly used top-down approaches inferring toxic mechanism individual from host's phenotype are often impeded multiple targets different effectors as well their pleiotropic effects. Here we describe our bottom-up approach, showing that type III AvrRxo1 plant an authentic phosphotransferase produces two novel metabolites phosphorylating nicotinamide/nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide at adenosine 3′-hydroxyl group. Both products AvrRxo1, 3′-NADP and 3′-nicotinic phosphate (3′-NAADP), substantially ubiquitous co-enzyme 2′-NADP calcium mobilizer 2′-NAADP. Interestingly, 3′-NAADP have previously been inhibitors signaling molecules but were regarded "artificial" compounds so far. Our findings now necessitate a shift in thinking about biological importance 3′-phosphorylated NAD derivatives.