All-trans retinoic acid mediates enhanced T reg cell growth, differentiation, and gut homing in the face of high levels of co-stimulation

• DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070719
• Publication Date: 2007-07-10T00:53:35Z
• Authors: Micah J. Benson; Karina Pino-Lagos; Mario Rosemblatt; Randolph J. Noelle
• Keywords: Homing (biology)

We demonstrate that all-trans retinoic acid (RA) induces FoxP3+ adaptive T regulatory cells (A-Tregs) to acquire a gut-homing phenotype (α4β7+ CC chemokine receptor 9+) and the capacity home lamina propria of small intestine. Under conditions favor differentiation A-Tregs (transforming growth factor–β1 interleukin 2) in vitro, inclusion RA nearly all activated CD4+ express FoxP3 greatly increases accumulation these cells. In absence RA, A-Treg is abruptly impaired by proficient antigen presenting or through direct co-stimulation. presence generation occurs even high levels co-stimulation, with attenuating co-stimulation from interfering induction. The recognition gut imprinting, together our finding it enhances conversion, differentiation, expansion, indicates production vivo may drive both imprinting development face overt inflammation.