Overview of ASDEX upgrade results in view of ITER and DEMO

• DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ad249d
• Publication Date: 2024-01-31T22:27:25Z
• Authors: H. Zohm; E. Alessi; C. Angioni; N. Arden; V. Artigues; M. Astrain; O. Asunta; M. Balden; V. Bandaru; A. Banon Navarro; M. Bauer; A. Bergmann; M. Bergmann; J. Bernardo; M. Bernert; A. Biancalani; R. Bielajew; R. Bilato; G. Birkenmeier; T. Blanken; V. Bobkov; A. Bock; L. Bock; T. Body; T. Bolzonella; N. Bonanomi; A. Bortolon; B. Böswirth; C. Bottereau; A. Bottino; H. van den Brand; M. Brenzke; S. Brezinsek; D. Brida; F. Brochard; J. Buchanan; A. Buhler; A. Burckhart; Y. Camenen; B. Cannas; P. Cano Megías; D. Carlton; M. Carr; P. Carvalho; C. Castaldo; A. Castillo Castillo; A. Cathey; M. Cavedon; C. Cazzaniga; C. Challis; A. Chankin; A. Chomiczewska; C. Cianfarani; F. Clairet; S. Coda; R. Coelho; J.W. Coenen; L. Colas; G. Conway; S. Costea; D. Coster; T. Cote; A.J. Creely; G. Croci; D.J. Cruz Zabala; G. Cseh; I. Cziegler; O. D’Arcangelo; A. Dal Molin; P. David; C. Day; M. de Baar; P. de Marné; R. Delogu; P. Denner; A. Di Siena; M. Dibon; J.J. Dominguez-Pa...; D. Dunai; M. Dreval; M. Dunne; B.P. Duval; R. Dux; T. Eich; S. Elgeti; A. Encheva; B. Esposito; E. Fable; M. Faitsch; D. Fajardo Jimenez; U. Fantz; M. Farnik; H. Faugel; F. Felici; O. Ficker; A. Figueredo; R. Fischer; O. Ford; L. Frassinetti; M. Fröschle; G. Fuchert; J.C. Fuchs; H. Fünfgelder; S. Futatani; K. Galazka; J. Galdon-Quiroga; D. Gallart Escolà; A. Gallo; Y. Gao; S. Garavaglia; M. Garcia Muñoz; B. Geiger; L. Giannone; S. Gibson; L. Gil; E. Giovannozzi; I. Girka; O. Girka; T. Gleiter; S. Glöggler; M. Gobbin; J.C. Gonzalez; J. Gonzalez Martin; T. Goodman; G. Gorini; T. Görler; D. Gradic; G. Granucci; A. Gräter; G. Grenfell; H. Greuner; M. Griener; M. Groth; O. Grover; A. Gude; L. Guimarais; S. Günter; D. Hachmeister; A.H. Hakola; C. Ham; T. Happel; N. den Harder; G. Harrer; J. Harrison; V. Hauer; T. Hayward-Schneider; B. Heinemann; P. Heinrich; T. Hellsten; S. Henderson; P. Hennequin; M. Herschel; S. Heuraux; A. Herrmann; E. Heyn; F. Hitzler; J. Hobirk; K. Höfler; S. Hörmann; J.H. Holm; M. Hölzl; C. Hopf; L. Horvath; T. Höschen; A. Houben; A. Hubbard; A. Huber; K. Hunger; V. Igochine; M. Iliasova; J. Illerhaus; K. Insulander Björk; C. Ionita-Schritt...; I. Ivanova-Stanik; S. Jachmich; W. Jacob; N. Jaksic; A. Jansen van Vuuren; F. Jaulmes; F. Jenko; T. Jensen; E. Joffrin; A. Kallenbach; J. Kalis; A. Kappatou; J. Karhunen; C.-P. Käsemann; S. Kasilov; Y. Kazakov; A. Kendl; W. Kernbichler; E. Khilkevitch; M. Kircher; A. Kirk; S. Kjer Hansen; V. Klevarova; F. Klossek; G. Kocsis; M. Koleva; M. Komm; M. Kong; A. Krämer-Flecken; M. Krause; I. Krebs; A. Kreuzeder; K. Krieger; O. Kudlacek; D. Kulla; T. Kurki-Suonio; B. Kurzan; B. Labit; K. Lackner; F. Laggner; A. Lahtinen; P. Lainer; P.T. Lang; P. Lauber; M. Lehnen; L. Leppin; E. Lerche; N. Leuthold; L. Li; J. Likonen; O. Linder; H. Lindl; B. Lipschultz; Y. Liu; Z. Lu; T. Luda Di Cortem...; N.C. Luhmann; T. Lunt; A. Lyssoivan; T. Maceina; J. Madsen; A. Magnanimo; H. Maier; J. Mailloux; R. Maingi; O. Maj; E. Maljaars; V. Maquet; A. Mancini; A. Manhard; P. Mantica; M. Mantsinen; P. Manz; M. Maraschek; C. Marchetto; M. Markl; L. Marrelli; P. Martin; F. Matos; M. Mayer; P.J. McCarthy; R. McDermott; G. Meng; R. Merkel; A. Merle; H. Meyer; M. Michelini; D. Milanesio; V. Mitterauer; P. Molina Cabrera; M. Muraca; F. Nabais; V. Naulin; R. Nazikian; R.D. Nem; R. Neu; A.H. Nielsen; S.K. Nielsen; T. Nishizawa; M. Nocente; I. Novikau; S. Nowak; R. Ochoukov; J. Olsen; P. Oyola; O. Pan; G. Papp; A. Pau; G. Pautasso; C. Paz-Soldan; M. Peglau; E. Peluso; P. Petersson; C. Piron; U. Plank; B. Plaum; B. Plöckl; V. Plyusnin; G. Pokol; E. Poli; A. Popa; L. Porte; J. Puchmayr; T. Pütterich; L. Radovanovic; M. Ramisch; J. Rasmussen; G. Ratta; S. Ratynskaia; G. Raupp; A. Redl; D. Réfy; M. Reich; F. Reimold; D. Reiser; M. Reisner; D. Reiter; B. Rettino; T. Ribeiro; D. Ricci; R. Riedl; J. Riesch; J.F. Rivero Rodri...; G. Rocchi; P. Rodriguez-Fern...; V. Rohde; G. Ronchi; M. Rott; M. Rubel; D.A. Ryan; F. Ryter; S. Saarelma; M. Salewski; A. Salmi; O. Samoylov; L. Sanchis Sanchez; J. Santos; O. Sauter; G. Schall; A. Schlüter; J. Scholte; K. Schmid; O. Schmitz; P.A. Schneider; R. Schrittwieser; M. Schubert; C. Schuster; N. Schwarz; T. Schwarz-Selinger; J. Schweinzer; F. Sciortino; O. Seibold-Benjak; A. Shabbir; A. Shalpegin; S. Sharapov; U. Sheikh; A. Shevelev; G. Sias; M. Siccinio; B. Sieglin; A. Sigalov; A. Silva; C. Silva; D. Silvagni; J. Simpson; S. Sipilä; A. Snicker; E. Solano; C. Sommariva; C. Sozzi; M. Spacek; G. Spizzo; M. Spolaore; A. Stegmeir; M. Stejner; D. Stieglitz; J. Stober; U. Stroth; E. Strumberger; G. Suarez Lopez; W. Suttrop; T. Szepesi; B. Tál; T. Tala; W. Tang; G. Tardini; M. Tardocchi; D. Terranova; M. Teschke; E. Thorén; W. Tierens; D. Told; W. Treutterer; G. Trevisan; M. Tripský; P. Ulbl; G. Urbanczyk; M. Usoltseva; M. Valisa; M. Valovic; S. van Mulders; M. van Zeeland; F. Vannini; B. Vanovac; P. Varela; S. Varoutis; T. Verdier; G. Verdoolaege; N. Vianello; J. Vicente; T. Vierle; E. Viezzer; I. Voitsekhovitch; U. von Toussaint; D. Wagner; X. Wang; M. Weiland; D. Wendler; A.E. White; M. Willensdorfer; B. Wiringer; M. Wischmeier; R. Wolf; E. Wolfrum; Q. Yang; C. Yoo; Q. Yu; R. Zagórski; I. Zammuto; T. Zehetbauer; W. Zhang; W. Zholobenko; A. Zibrov; M. Zilker; C.F.B. Zimmermann; A. Zito; H. Zohm; S. Zoletnik
• Keywords: Pedestal; ASDEX Upgrade; Collisionality; Ballooning; Bootstrap current; Gyrokinetics; Resonant magnetic perturbations; Momentum (technical analysis)

Abstract Experiments on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) in 2021 and 2022 have addressed a number of critical issues for ITER EU DEMO. A major objective the AUG programme is to shed light underlying physics confinement, stability, plasma exhaust order allow reliable extrapolation results obtained present day machines these reactor-grade devices. Concerning pedestal physics, mitigation edge localised modes (ELMs) using resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) was found be consistent with reduction linear peeling-ballooning stability threshold due helical deformation plasma. Conversely, ELM suppression by RMPs ascribed an increased transport that keeps away from this boundary. Candidates are locally enhanced turbulence locked island pedestal. The D-alpha (EDA) quasi-continuous (QCE) regimes been established as promising ELM-free scenarios. Here, pressure gradient at foot H-mode reduced quasi-coherent mode, violation high-n ballooning mode limit there. This suggestive EDA QCE common origin. In area full radius models both L- H-modes developed. These predict energy confinement better than commonly used global scaling laws, representing large step towards goal predictive capability. new momentum analysis framework has developed provides access intrinsic torque core. field exhaust, X-Point Radiator (XPR), cold dense region closed flux surfaces close X-point, described analytical model understanding its formation well i.e., conditions under which it transitions into deleterious MARFE potential result disruptive termination. With XPR divertor target, detached concept, compact radiative divertor, power radiated before reaching allowing proximity X-point target. No limitations shallow line angle expansion were observed, sufficient compression neutral density demonstrated. respect pumping non-recycling impurities, enrichment mainly depend ionisation impurity consideration. MHD hot core motion sawtooth crashes showed good agreement nonlinear 2-fluid simulations. indicates fast reconnection observed events adequately including electron inertia parallel Ohm’s law. disruption shattered pellet injection system installed collaboration International Organisation. Thanks ability vary shard size distribution independently velocity, admixture, possible tailor current quench rate, important requirement future devices such ITER. Progress also made modelling force VDEs induced massive gas AUG. characterised terms safe operational space newly active feedback control method allowed boundary probed several times within single discharge without inducing Regarding integrated operation scenarios, role peaking baseline scenario (high current) clarified. usual ITER98( p,y ) does not capture effect, but more recent H20 does, highlighting again importance developing adequate based models. Advanced tokamak aiming non-inductive fraction non-standard profiles safety factor combination high normalised studied focus their conditions. guide approach targeted developed, achieving Based this, two types advanced scenarios (‘hybrid’ ‘elevated’ q -profile) concerning performance.