Hospital-Based Surveillance of Rickettsial Diseases in Kashmir, North India

• DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2024.0122
• Publication Date: 2025-04-30T08:35:49Z
• Authors: Bashir Ahmad Fomda; Yawar Bashir Mir; Mudasir Qadri Syed; Nazima Abdullah; Mubashir Nazir; Mushtaq Ahmad Bhat; Sonaullah Shah

Background: Rickettsial diseases were reported from Kashmir, India, in the early 20th century. Since then, limited research was carried that has resulted a significant gap understanding these diseases. This study conducted to find out prevalence and diversity of rickettsial this region. Methods: Blood sample 476 patients collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay done for detection IgM IgG, immunofluorescence endpoint titer determination. Nested polymerase chain reaction performed spotted fever group (gltA, sca0, sca5 genes), typhus (17 kDa gene) scrub (47 56 gene), followed by sequencing phylogenetic analysis. Results: The seropositivity typhus, group, 74 (15.54%), 71 (14.91%), 60 (12.60%), respectively. Scrub significantly associated with urban population (odds ratio = 1.812, 95% confidence interval 1.099-3.0, p 0.02). Bimodal seasonal variation observed all three groups. In 48 samples 81.25%, 45.83%, 38.09% positive gltA, genes, respectively, 20.83% 17 kDa. 62 samples, gene 56.45%, while 47 35.48%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Rickettsia conorii, parkeri, typhi, Orientia tsutsugamushi. Conclusions: confirms presence human infections highlighting need including diagnostic algorithm acute febrile illness.