Sex differences in post-acute neurological sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 and symptom resolution in adults after coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalization: an international multi-centre prospective observational study
Anosmia
DOI:
10.1093/braincomms/fcae036
Publication Date:
2024-02-09T14:24:10Z
AUTHORS (606)
ABSTRACT
Abstract Although it is known that coronavirus disease 2019 can present with a range of neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications, sparse data exist on whether these initial symptoms are closely associated post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome 2; PANSC) female versus male sex impacts symptom resolution. In this international, multi-centre, prospective, observational study across 407 sites from 15 countries (30 January 2020 to 30 April 2022), we report the prevalence risk factors PANSC among hospitalized adults investigate differences between males females resolution over time. included altered consciousness/confusion, fatigue/malaise, anosmia, dysgeusia muscle ache/joint pain, which information was collected at index hospitalization during follow-up assessments. The analysis considered time individual all symptoms. resulting times were modelled by Weibull regression, assuming mixed-case interval censoring, age as covariates. model results summarized cumulative probability functions age-adjusted sex-adjusted median We 6862 2019, who had participants 57 years (39.2% females). Males similar baseline characteristics, except more (versus females) admitted intensive care unit (30.5 20.3%) received mechanical ventilation (17.2 11.8%). Approximately 70% patients multiple first (median = 102 days). Fatigue (49.9%) myalgia/arthralgia (45.2%) most prevalent follow-up. reported in generally higher males) for At 12 months, anosmia resolved patients, although fatigue, consciousness myalgia remained unresolved >10% cohort. Females longer (5.2 3.4 months) those than one symptom. multivariable analysis, shorter (hazard ratio 1.53; 95% confidence 1.39–1.69). Intensive admission 0.68; 0.60–0.77). Post-discharge stroke uncommon (0.3% 0.5% males). Despite methodological challenges involved collection survey data, international multi-centre prospective cohort demonstrated following high. Symptom took resolve males. This supported fact while sicker illness, disproportionately affected PANSC.
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