Histological and molecular classifications of pediatric glioma with time-dependent diffusion MRI-based microstructural mapping

• DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad003
• Publication Date: 2023-01-08T08:51:01Z
• Authors: Hongxi Zhang; Kuiyuan Liu; Ruicheng Ba; Zelin Zhang; Yi Zhang; Ye Chen; Weizhong Gu; Zhipeng Shen; Qiang Shu; Junfen Fu; Dan Wu
• Keywords: Histology

Abstract Background Gliomas are the most common type of central nervous system tumors in children, and combination histological molecular classification is essential for prognosis treatment. Here, we proposed a newly developed microstructural mapping technique based on diffusion-time-dependent diffusion MRI td-dMRI theory to quantify tumor cell properties tested these markers identifying grade alteration H3K27. Methods This prospective study included 69 pediatric glioma patients aged 6.14 ± 3.25 years old, who underwent with pulsed oscillating gradient sequences 3T scanner. dMRI data acquired at varying tds were fitted into 2-compartment model obtain intracellular fraction (fin), diameter, cellularity, etc. Apparent diffusivity coefficient (ADC) T1 T2 relaxation times also obtained. H&E stained histology was used validate estimated properties. Results For low- high-grade gliomas, cellularity index achieved highest area under receiver-operating-curve (AUC) 0.911 among all markers, while ADC, T1, showed AUCs 0.906, 0.885, 0.886. H3K27-altered 39 midline patients, diameter discriminant power an AUC 0.918, extracellular further improved 0.929. The fin correlated well ground truth r = 0.7. Conclusions td-dMRI-based outperformed routine measurements diagnosing different features complementary strength classifications.